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Recent findings highlight myelin breakdown as a decisive early event in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) acting as aggravating factor of its progression. However, it is still unclear whether myelin loss is attributed to increased oligodendrocyte vulnerability, reduced repairing capacity or toxic stimuli. In the present study, we sought to clarify the starting point of myelin disruption accompanied with Oligodendrocyte...
Axons of globular bushy cells in the cochlear nucleus convey hyper‐accurate signals to the superior olivary complex, the initial site of binaural processing via comparably thick axons and the calyx of the Held synapse. Bushy cell fibers involved in hyper‐accurate binaural processing of low‐frequency sounds are known to have an unusual internode length‐to‐axon caliber ratio (L/d) correlating with higher...
Cover Illustration: Confocal microscopy image of in vitro cultured proliferative oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) under neurodegenerative conditions induced by the presence of toxic Amyloid‐beta 1‐42. The OPCs were immunostained for cellspecific PDGFRa marker (in green) and for Ki67 marker (in red) indicating proliferation. Hoechst dye (in blue) was used to stain nuclei of the total number...
Senescence is a negative prognostic factor for outcome and recovery following traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI‐induced white matter injury may be partially due to oligodendrocyte demise. We hypothesized that the regenerative capacity of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) declines with age. To test this hypothesis, the regenerative capability of OPCs in young [(10 weeks ±2 (SD)] and aged [(62...
Radial glia (RG) cells generate neurons and glial cells that make up the cerebral cortex. Both in rodents and humans, these stem cells remain for a specific time after birth, named late radial glia (lRG). The knowledge of lRG and molecules that may be involved in their differentiation is based on very limited data. We analyzed whether ascorbic acid (AA) and its transporter SVCT2, are involved in lRG...
Macrophages and satellite glial cells are found between injured and uninjured neurons in the lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG). We explored the mechanism of neuro‐immune and neuron–glia crosstalk leading to hyperexcitability of DRG neurons. After spared nerve injury (SNI), CX3CR1+ resident macrophages became activated, proliferated, and increased inward‐rectifying potassium channel Kir2.1 currents...
Implantable neural probes have been extensively utilized in the fields of neurocircuitry, systems neuroscience, and brain‐computer interface. However, the long‐term functionality of these devices is hampered by the formation of glial scar and astrogliosis at the surface of electrodes. In this study, we administered KDS2010, a recently developed reversible MAO‐B inhibitor, to mice through ad libitum...
Schwann cells (SCs), the primary glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, which have been identified in many solid tumors, play an important role in cancer development and progression by shaping the tumor immunoenvironment and supporting the development of metastases. Using different cellular, molecular, and genetic approaches with integrated bioinformatics analysis and functional assays, we...
Astrocytes are highly ramified and send out perivascular processes (PvAPs) that entirely sheathe the brain's blood vessels. PvAPs are equipped with an enriched molecular repertoire that sustains astrocytic regulatory functions at the vascular interface. In the mouse, PvAP development starts after birth and is essentially complete by postnatal day (P) 15. Progressive molecular maturation also occurs...
Regenerative abilities are not evenly distributed across the animal kingdom. The underlying modalities are also highly variable. Retinal repair can involve the mobilization of different cellular sources, including ciliary marginal zone (CMZ) stem cells, the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), or Müller glia. To investigate whether the magnitude of retinal damage influences the regeneration modality...
The inner ear, including the cochlea, used to be regarded as an immune‐privileged site because of its immunologically isolated environment caused by the blood‐labyrinthine barrier. Cochlear resident macrophages, which originate from the yolk sac or fetal liver during the embryonic stage and are maintained after birth, are distributed throughout various regions of the cochlear duct. Intriguingly, these...
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